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KMID : 1036520170070010001
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Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology
2017 Volume.7 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.6
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Anatomy of the Peripheral Afferent Visual System
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Baek Seung-Hee
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Abstract
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Afferent visual system starts from the eyeball, and the afferent flow passes thru the optic nerve, the optic chiasm, the optic tract, the lateral geniculate body, and the optic radiation to the primary visual cortex. The eyeball and the optic nerve are the peripheral part of the afferent visual system. The eye refracts light rays from the object outside the eyeball, focus the image in the retina, and then the photoreceptors transduce the photon stimuli to electric signal that brain can understand. The retina and optic nerve are organized to optimize the central vision with high resolution and the peripheral vision with high sensitivity. The fovea within the macula has a structure for the light to be transmitted directly to the photoreceptors with minimal scattering from the neighboring tissues. The cone system is specialized for the high resolution central vision based on the high density of cones in the macula and low convergence, whereas the rod system demonstrates high sensitivity for light detection based on the wide distribution of rods in the retina and high convergence. This central weighting of the neural tissue is maintained throughout the afferent visual system.
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KEYWORD
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Peripheral visual afferent pathway, Fovea, Cone system, Optic nerve
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